Tuesday, October 21, 2014

Arabic Verb Form I (u) fa'ula فَعُلَ يَفْعُلُ yaf'ulu

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form I (u)

Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms
This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form I (u)  فَعُلَ , Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a form I (u) verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.
Last edited on : 14-September-2015 and planned to be edited and improved further.
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فَعُلَ
u-u =  فَعُلَ u-u يَفْعُلُ


ك The form فَعُلَ u-u يَفْعُلُ also known as form كَرُمَ

1 (w) . Mostly indicates a permanent state, or a naturally inherent quality.

2 (t) . فَعُلَ is a pure stative structure. It is always stative without irregularities, and the primary meaning of this structure in Classical Arabic is always "he has been something" or "he was something" rather than "he became something."
A main difference between I (u) and I (i) is that I (u) is usually used for simple attributes like "small," "easy," "tall," "good," "slow," "honorable," etc. whereas I (i) is generally used for more real states like "angry," "tired," "safe," "knowing," "forgetting," "saturated," etc.

3 (h) . These verbs denote natural dispositions. Their attributes subsist in the subject and do not pass beyond him. The transitive verb becomes intransitive, when its pattern is changed to فَعُلَ , it may be done for the sake of intensiveness and wonder.

4 (h) . For verbs of natures, i.e. created qualities. Also what is not a nature sometimes following the course of one, when it has some duration.

5 (k) . Used for permanent/continuous attributes which may be divided into 3 types:
Attributes that are:
i. Natural & by birth
ii. Acquired permanently after effort
iii.  Permanent only for a certain duration of time

6 (k) . Always intransitive because verbs coming from u-u are related to subject or فَاعِل itself and not related to something else.

7 (h) . Form I (u) and Form I (i) are sometimes used for colors, defects, appearances etc., but the main forms to depict colors, defects, appearances etc. are Form IX and Form XI.

8 (h) . When perfect is فَعُلَ its imperfect is always يَفْعُلُ (u-u) .

9 (q) . Pattern فَعِيل which is used for permanent/continuous attributes is related for Form I (u-u) in most of such roots from which this pattern comes.

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :   
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu
h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English
t = arabic.tripod.com
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
n = new indication by me.
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل

Monday, September 22, 2014

Search and Study any Arabic word in Lisan al Arab لسان العرب Maqayis al Lughah مقاييس اللغة Al Qamoos ul Muheet القاموس المحيط As Sihah fil Lughah الصّحّاح في اللغة Al Ubab uz Zakhir العباب الزاخر together

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The site www.baheth.info has the ability to search and return good search results containing relevant data from the following 5 books, highlighting the searched root or word along with other related words in all the 5 dictionaries:
Lisan al Arab لسان العرب
Maqayis al Lughah مقاييس اللغة
Al Qamoos ul Muheet القاموس المحيط
As Sihah fil Lughah الصّحّاح في اللغة
Al Ubab uz Zakhir العباب الزاخر
together

Baheth contains alot of advertisements which you must not click. Also the owner of site has made it such that you can not directly link to any root or word. Any link to a root on baheth from external site does not work. All links coming to the site usually end up in same basic page. All search has to be done via searching within the search box.

I had contacted the author to offer freely downloadable version, but no response received. 

Advertisements shown in below screen shots in red box, never click them as these are advertisements. The main useful click-able area is in green box. Click below images to see larger images.
Another advertisement to avoid in below screenshot.

The words related to searched term are highlighted in yellow. In 1st image, I have not shown highlight. But in 2nd image above, you can see words related to فرق highlighted in yellow.

Now, how to effectively search and study words and roots. You can type in roots or words without harkaat using Yamli inbuilt into baheth or you can type in Eiktub without harkaat and copy and paste here. See Typing Arabic Letters in various Tools and Sites using the English equivalent Letters for knowing which English letters you have to type to get corresponding Arabic letters.

Above you can see, I typed frq and yamli automatically suggested various options, I have to click to get my required root فرق searched. Other option is to type in Eiktub and then copy and paste in search box above. After entering the required root or word, type the button ابحث to search. Searching gives 1st highlighted results and returns roots having the related words highlighted in yellow. This is 1st level of highlight, pinpointing possible areas of more interest. Here I have searched فرق but you can make the highlighting even more focused by searching the exact word you want to search e.g. you can search فرقان instead to get more specific and narrower results.

To get another level of highlight to get more focused pinpointing in addition to above فرق related highlighting, see following method. Suppose now you also want to get فرقان highlighted in different color to get 2 levels of highlighted words. Press Ctrl and then also press f while pressing Ctrl button on keyboard i.e. Ctrl+f.
In browsers this will open a search box and within this search box you can paste the required word, after typing on Eiktub or Yamli and then press Enter.
You can use any browser for searching for 2nd level, below methods are shown for 3 browsers from which you can use any or you can use any other browser also.
Opera gave 38 results since it searched regardless of harkaat in baheth data:

Internet Explorer gave 38 results when فرقانwas searched, again regardless of harkaat in baheth data. Next and previous buttons have to be pressed to get the term highlighted and see it in context:

Firefox gave 2 results for search without harkaat only since it also takes harkaat into account and to get full results you will have to search and and others. 1st I search فرقان to get 2 results.

Then I search فُرْقان to get 31 more results

Repeat above steps to search other roots and words.

Friday, September 19, 2014

Quickly Studying any Qur'anic Root, its Derived Words and Concordance in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus

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To quickly access and study a Qur'anic root along with its derived words and their concordance on Qur'anic Arabic Corpus directly and quickly. Visit below link:
http://corpus.quran.com/qurandictionary.jsp?q=wqy

Write English equivalent of any root you want to study in yellow highlighted portion of browser and press Enter to directly go to the page on Qur'anic Arabic Corpus Dictionary regarding that root giving concordance data for the root along with derived words from the root used in The Qur'an.

See below image giving conversion letters i.e. learn which letter you have to type in English for corresponding Arabic letter. Type the letters without any spaces in between e.g. to study root و ق ي along with all its derived words and their concordance on Qur'anic Arabic Corpus, type wqy , to study ع ص م type ESm and press Enter.


Screenshot from Qur'anic Arabic Corpus site:

If you can't find a root i.e. the word you are trying to study has a different root assigned to it on the site, following 2 methods can be used: 

Method 1:
i. Instead of entire root, type only 1st letter of root
ii. Click the arrow button to open down menu and select the root or word you want to study along with all its occurrences. 
iii. Click Go.

Method 2:
1. If you know the Surah and Ayat number in which the word is used, you can find out the root using below post instructions. 
2. Then use the direct method of pasting entire root equivalent in browser as discussed at the top of this post.

Thursday, September 18, 2014

Typing Arabic Letters in various Tools and Sites using the English equivalent Letters

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Find what letter or letters you have to type in English to have the required Arabic Letter typed in various important online sites and tools. Learning these is very important for quickly researching and studying using these sites:

Download PDF from this link :
http://asimiqbal2nd.files.wordpress.com/2014/09/arabic-letters-english-letters-equivalents-online-tools.pdf 

  • a / A means you can type either a or A to get ا and similarly for remaining letters
  • Baheth uses Yamli which gives a frop down list from which you have to choose the letter. 
  • For searching roots with ه in Arabic Almanac and Mawrid Reader, type the root with a space between each of the letters.
  • Click heading names in PDF to go to the site mentioned in heading.

Tools and Sites covered in this user guide include: 
Arabic Almanac & Mawrid Reader
Qur'anic Arabic Corpus Dictionary
Baheth
Eiktub
Yamli

Wednesday, September 17, 2014

Quickly access and study any Qur'anic Ayat Word by Word in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus

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Using below link you can quickly reach the page of any Qur'anic Ayat for Word by Word Analysis given in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus
http://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp?chapter=3&verse=7
To see and study word by word analysis of any Ayat in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus Word by Word, just edit the above yellow highlighted portions. For Surah, edit 3 and enter any number from 1 to 114 for the Surah you want to study. For Ayat, edit 7 and enter any Ayat number you want to study for that Surah and press Enter to study the Word by Word Analysis of that Ayat.


Also see Identifying The Root for an Arabic Word 1 to see further steps when on an Ayat to study any word in further detail

Note: Verification of Qur'anic Arabic Corpus is not yet complete, so use with additional verification.

Appendix:
Suggest any improvement in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus using the messageboard .
This page is for Qur'an Dictionary on Qur'anic Arabic Corpus.

Wednesday, August 20, 2014

Arabic Verbal Form I (i) fa'ila فَعِلَ يَفْعَلُ يَفْعِلُ yaf'alu yaf'ilu fa3ila

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form I (i)

Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms
This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form I (i)  فَعِلَ , Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a form I (i) verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.
Last edited on : 22-August-2014 and planned to be edited and improved further.
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فَعِلَ
i-a =  فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ
i-i = فَعِلَ i-i يَفْعِلُ

1 (w) . Mostly Intransitive, sometimes transitive. When intransitive, mostly indicates a temporary state or condition, or a merely accidental quality in persons or things.

2 (t) . Generally a stative structure. Rather than indicating real actions that occur over time, this structure usually refers to the state of the subject. These verbs usually do not indicate real actions. You don't actually do something when you "know". The stative verb "to know" can indicate 2 things:
It can indicate the simple being in the state of knowing.
It can indicate the becoming in the state of knowing; or in other words, it can indicate changing from the state of unknowing into the state of knowing.
Thus, stative verbs can indicate either being something or becoming something.
Most of the stative فَعِلَ verbs will primarily indicate the 2nd meaning, i.e. "he became something." A few number of them ill indicate "he was something" as a primary meaning.
The dynamic vs stative distinction between فَعَلَ and فَعِلَ is a general rule but is not always true. Sometimes inverse is also true.

3 (h)(n) . The general rule when perfect is فَعِلَ is that imperfect is mostly يَفْعَلُ (i-a) but when ف of root is و , then يَفْعِلُ (i-i) is mostly used so that cause of elision of و is there i.e. و when quiescent is deemed heavy between a ي pronounced with fatha and an inseparable kasra and is elided/dropped. Very few verbs have rare usage of form فَعِلَ i-i يَفْعِلُ in addition to more common and approved usage of form فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ without ف of root being a و but on deeper examination usage of i-i in them does not appear to be justified. Some verbs have form فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ despite ف of root being a و .

س The form فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ also known as form سَمِعَ
In such verbs, one or multiple from the following meaning shades may be applicable.

Important meaning shades:
(k) . Mostly 8 types of verbs come from i-a and can be used for indicating:

1 (k)(a) . Ailment, sickness, illness, disease; pain, ache etc.
سَقِمَ He became ill.
مَرِضَ He became sick. He had a disease.
وَجِعَ He had pain or ache.
أَلِمَ He suffered severe pain or ache.
شَكِعَ He went into a state of groaning with pain or illness. He was groaning with pain or illness.

2 (k)(a) . Grief, sorrow, sadness etc.
حَزِنَ He became affected with حُزْن (Past related worry. Roughness or uneasiness in the spirit on account of grief. Grief, sorrow, sadness. Grief arising on account of an unpleasant event that has happened, or on account of an object of love that has passed away.
خَزِيَ He became humiliated, disgraced, abased to the level of being ashamed of his state himself. 

3 (k)(a) . Gladness, joy, happiness, rejoicing etc.
فَرِحَ He experienced a sensation of lightness in his heart. He experienced dilation of his chest with delight or pleasure. This experience is usually of short duration, transitory and fleeting. He exulted or rejoiced: beyond due level or ungratefully or proudly.

4 (k)(a) . Colors. (Mostly Form IX and Form XI are used to indicate colors.)
شَهِبَ It was or became of the color termed شُهْبَة (grey, whiteness mixed with blackness.)
قَهِبَ It was or became of the color termed قُهْبَة (an ashy dust color or dusky white color etc.)
أَدِمَ He was or became of the color termed أُدْمَة ( wheatish)

5 (k)(a) . Defect, blemish, fault, faultiness, unsoundness, imperfection, something amiss etc.
شَكِسَ He became ill-natured in behavior or dealing.
لَحِزَ He became miserly.

6 (k)(a) . Condition, state, form, make, appearance, quality, attribute; aggregate of the attributes or qualities etc.
The examples below are also valid for defects point above.
ضَلِعَ It was or became crooked or curved. .
عَرِجَ He became lame.
عِوِرَ He became one eyed. He became blind of one eye.

7 (k)(a) Inflaming with anger; flaring, emotion, incitement, excitement, amazement, astonishment, agitation, restlessness, anxiety, fear etc.  
بَطِرَ He exulted and behaved insolently, ungratefully, thanklessly due to wealth.
قَلِقَ He became restless.
حَمِسَ He became hardy.
غَضِبَ He became angry.

8 (k)(a) . Hunger, thirst etc.
شَبِعَ He became sated or satiated, or satisfied in stomach after eating ample food. 
رَوِيَ He drank to satisfaction, he drank to his fill, he quenched his thirst. He drank enough to satisfy or quench his thirst.  
عَطِشَ He became thirsty.

9 (k) .  Mostly verbs like above 8 categories and verbs indicating change of state or condition come from i-a . In perfect of this form, ع of root is given kasra instead of fatha, i.e. perfect is فَعِلَ instead of فَعَلَ , as if in word and meaning there is change from 1 state or condition to another.

10 (k)(a) . Becoming scared, afraid , confounded, stupefied, astonished, amazed on seeing the thing indicated in the word from the same root.
أَسِدَ He became stupefied by fear on seeing a lion i.e أَسَد
بَقِرَ It (a dog) became confounded, stupefied, astonished on seeing بَقَر (wild oxen or wild bulls or cows).

11 (q) . This form is indicative of internal : states, conditions, emotions etc. 

Other meaning shades:
Following meaning shades are also possible in few verbs from i-a.

12 (k) . Attaching or gluing to the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

13 (k) . Becoming like the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

14 (k) . Becoming possessor of the meaning indicated in the root or thing indicated in the word from the same root. 
تَرِبَ It became dusty.
تَرِبَ he or it became affected with جَرَب (mange or scab) .

15 (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or word from the same root.

16 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل Removing from the object or مَفْعُول the meaning indicated by the root or thing indicated by the word from the same root .

Note: 
(k)(n)(a) . Some verbs come on both forms فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ and فَعُلَ u-u يَفْعُلُ . Verbs that have ي as ع or ل of root don't come on form فَعُلَ u-u يَفْعُلُ except extremely few verbs presented by some as exceptions e.g هَيُؤَ and these 2 with final ي converted to و as رَمُوَ and قَضُوَ . Meaning shade is different, i-a usually indicating a temporary state or condition while u-u a permanent state or condition. Some books translate both verbs with same explanation but differences should be kept in mind and indicated in translation after also considering context in which each of the 2 forms is used.  

ح فَعِلَ i-i يَفْعِلُ also known as form حَسِبَ
1 (h) . The general rule when perfect is فَعِلَ is that imperfect is mostly يَفْعَلُ (i-a) but when ف of root is و , then يَفْعِلُ (i-i) is mostly used so that cause of elision of و is there i.e و when quiescent is deemed heavy between a ي pronounced with fatha and an inseparable kasra and is elided/dropped. Very few verbs have rare usage of form فَعِلَ i-i يَفْعِلُ in addition to more common and approved usage of form فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ without ف of root being a و but on deeper examination usage of i-i in them does not appear to be justified. Some verbs have form فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ despite ف of root being a و . So فَعِلَ i-i يَفْعِلُ is not an original form and is converted from فَعِلَ i-a يَفْعَلُ due to above mentioned reason. Its meaning shades don't have to be discussed since same meaning shades of i-a hold for i-i also.

2 (k)(n). All verbs that come on form i-i in The Qur'an have و as ف of root, even حَسِبَ is used in the Qur'an on form i-a and not i-i . Following verbs are said in some books to come from i-i without ف of root being و
حَسِبَ , but it is used in the Qur'an on form i-a only and not even once on form i-i. More approved and used form is i-a and only 1 tribe has i-i dialect also.
بَئِسَ , its contracted form بِئْسَ is used in the Qur'an. Again no i-i usage in the Qur'an. Also in Lane Lexicon, only i-a is mentioned and no i-i and the claim or usage of i-i if any seems strange since ع of root is a guttural letter and such usually get fatha on ع of root in imperfect , then how is form i-i being claimed in addition to i-a?
نَسِيَ , but it is used in the Qur'an on form i-a only and not even once on form i-i.
نَعِمَ , its contracted form نِعْمَ is used in the Qur'an. Again no i-i usage in the Qur'an.
The claim or usage of i-i if any seems strange since ع of root is a guttural letter and such usually get fatha on ع of root in imperfect , then how is form i-i being claimed in addition to i-a?
يَبِسَ , neither i-a nor i-i used in the Qur'an.
 i-a is the more approved and used form and usage of i-i is extraordinary with respect to rules and usage. Though, I have discussed in I(a), the imperfect coming on a-i due to of ف root being a ي as a possible reason of it coming on form a-i and so here in I(i) also, this can be a rare and seldom used reason of coming on form i-i in addition to the approved form i-a in such cases.
يَئِسَ , but it is used in the Qur'an on form i-a only and not even once on form i-i.
i-a is the more approved and used form and usage of i-i is extraordinary with respect to rules and usage. The claim or usage of i-i if any seems strange since ع of root is a guttural letter and such usually get fatha on ع of root in imperfect , then how is form i-i being claimed in addition to i-a?

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:  
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :   
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu
h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English
t = arabic.tripod.com
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
n = new indication by me.
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل

Friday, August 15, 2014

Arabic Verb Form I (a) فَعَلَ يَفْعُلُ يَفْعِلُ يَفْعَلُ fa'ala yaf'ulu yaf'ilu yaf'alu fa3ala

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form I (a)
Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms
This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form I (a) فَعَلَ . Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a form I (a) verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.
Last edited on : 15-August-2014 and planned to be edited and improved further.
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 فَعَلَ
a-u = فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ
a-i = فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ
a-a = فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ

1 (w) .  Mostly transitive, sometimes intransitive.

2 (t) . Generally a dynamic or active structure. It usually indicates a real action on the part of the subject that occurs over a period of time.

3 (h) . Generally the imperfect of فَعَلَ is يَفْعِلُ (a-i) or يَفْعُلُ (a-u) unless ع or ل of root is a guttural letter i.e. 1 of أ ح خ ع غ ه in which case the imperfect can also come on يَفْعَلُ (a-a). Various فَعَلَ verbs have both imperfects i.e يَفْعِلُ (a-i) or يَفْعُلُ (a-u) .

4 (h) . The verb indicative of superiority usually has فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ , but not all verbs of a-u are indicative of superiority and have other meaning shades also.

5 (h). The form فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ comes when ف of root is و or ي . Damma is discarded because a ي followed by a و or ي before a damma is deemed heavy. If it is و then it is usually dropped since it is deemed heavy when it is quiescent and is between a ي pronounced with fatha and inseparable kasra. (This can be originally a-i or a-u. )

6 (h) . The form فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ comes when ع or ل of root is ي , but if one of  ع or ل is ي and other one of ع or ل is a guttural letter, then in such cases it can also come on the form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ . (This can be originally a-i or a-u)

7 (h) . For roots with same letter as  ع and ل of root i.e. reduplicated verbs , فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ mostly comes for intransitive verbs e.g خَرَّ يَخِرُّ and very rarely for transitive verbs.

8 (h) . For roots with same letter as ع and ل of root i.e. reduplicated verbs , فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ mostly comes for transitive verbs , and sometimes for intransitive verbs .

9 (h) . The form فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ comes when ع or ل of root is و , but if ل of root is و and ع of root is a guttural letter in which case it can also come on the form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ . (This can be originally a-u or a-i)

10 (h) . The form فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ comes when the verb is indicative of superiority to the competitor but if ف of root is a و or if ع or ل of root is ي , then the form is فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ . (Such verbs are originally a-u)

11 (h) . The form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ usually comes when the verb in not indicative of superiority to the competitor and ع or ل of root is a guttural letter , and root is not with same letter as ع and ل i.e. it is not a reduplicated verb and verb is not a verb which is well known for its usage in form فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ or فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ . The guttural letter makes form a-a allowable, but not necessary.
Extremely few exceptions exist in which form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ is used even when ع or ل of root is not a guttural letter e.g أَبَىٰ يَأْبَىٰ etc. Some possible reasons can be there via which some of the exceptions can be shown to still follow the rule. Some say that بَقَىٰ يَبْقىٰ is originally بَقِىَ يَبْقىٰ because every final ى pronounced with uninflectional fatha and preceded by kasra, can be converted into ا or ى (which is is written ى but spoken like ا and is called ألف مقصورة .) and then kasra on its previous letter is also converted to fatha. Very rarely, perfect of 1 form is used while imperfect of other form is used. Also very rarely, an inter-mixture of 2 dialectic variants is used in which perfect is taken from 1 form while imperfect is taken from the other form.

Important Note: 
Below, I give meaning shades of the sub forms a-u, a-i mostly based on (k) and since other books I have didn't contain much information , I couldn't cross check and re-verify the suggested meaning shades using other books. Moreover, the book has quoted 1 example with most of the shades and it can't be ascertained without an exhaustive study into many such verbs from each sub form the number of verbs on which each of the given meaning shades apply. So just read them few times and if you can keep in mind easily you can, but no need to memorize below meaning shades of form I (a).  

ن The form فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ also known as form نَصَرَ
In such verbs, one or multiple from the following meaning shades may be applicable.

Important meaning shades:
1 (h)(k)(a) . Indicative of superiority to the competitor . Showing the superiority, surpassing, overpowering, predominating, gaining of ascendancy, victory, overcoming, prevailing of 1 competitor over the other. After form III verb indicating reciprocity or mutual effort or competition, form I (a-u) is usually used to show the gaining of superiority of 1 over the other. An important point to note is that we can't choose any verb we like in a-u and use it to show superiority to the competitor, but this is only for those verbs which are used in Arabic in this sense . 
If ف of root is a و or ي OR if ع or ل of root is ي , then the form used is فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ . It appears that such verbs are originally a-u but due to 1 of these 2 reasons the form is converted to a-i . Specially form I forms indicative of superiority appear to be originally a-u, which are sometimes converted to form a-i when one of these conditions is met. Note: This quality won't be discussed again in a-i even if it comes from a-i when 1 of above mentioned conditions is met, because it appears that in such cases also it is originally a-u which is converted to a-i.
كَبَرْتُهُ I became bigger than him.

2 (a-u, a-i) (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or word from the same root.
ثَلَثَ الْمَالَ He made 3 portions of the wealth. (derived from the word ثُلُث from the same root ث ل ث .)

3 (a-u, a-i) (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل reaching the place or time indicated by the word from the same root.

Other meaning shades:
4 (k) . Possessing the meaning indicated by the root or thing indicated by the word from the same root.
بَابَ لَهُ He was or became a keeper of بَاب i.e. door keeper for him.

5 (k) . Doing something in the time indicated by the word from the same root.
غَدَا He went or went away in the time called غُدْوَة (the early part of the morning).

6 (k) . Making the thing indicated by the word from the same root.
جَدَرَ He made a جِدَار i.e. wall.

7 (k) . Using the thing indicated by the word from the same root. Doing with the thing indicated by the word from the same root, the function it is made for. 
عَصَاهُ He struck or beat him with a عَصَا i.e. staff. (He used a عَصَا i.e. staff. to strike him.)

8 (k) . Taking from something what is indicated by its root or indicated by a word from its root.
ثَلَثَ الْمَالَ He took 3rd portion of the wealth.

9 (k)(a) .  Thrusting, propelling, pushing or repelling the thing indicated by the word from the same root, to remove it from its place .
بَصَقَ He spat. ( بُصَاق means spittle or saliva that has gone forth from the mouth)

10 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل joining or mixing something with the object or مَفْعُول .
مَشَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا He made a mix up or confusion between them 2.
مَزَجَهُ بِالْمَآء He mixed, mingled, blended it with water.

11 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل veiling, covering the object or مَفْعُول .
حَجَبَهُ He veiled it. 

12 (k) . Verbs indicating gathering together or collecting together or assembling together often come on form a-u.
حَشَرَهُم He assembled them together.

13 (q) . This form has verbs indicating the act of advancing or expansion, spreading etc.  and related meaning shades.

14 (a-u, a-i) (k) . Preventing something from the meaning indicated by the root of the verb or word from the same root as the verb.

15 (a-i, a-u) (k) .Giving the thing indicated in the word from the same root.
أَجَرَهُ He gave him أَجْر (a recompense, compensation or reward for what one has done).

16 (a-i, a-u) (k) . Feeding someone with the thing indicated in the word from the same root.
تَمَرَهُ (a-i, a-u) he fed him تَمْر (dates.)
17 (a-i, a-u) (k)(a) .Subject or فَاعِل Removing from the object or مَفْعُول the meaning indicated by the root or thing indicated by the word from the same root .
(This appears to be more common in a-i as compared to a-u based on (k). In examples like below one, both a-i and a-u forms can be used.)
قَشَرَهُ (a-i) & (a-u) both used in similar meaning. He removed or stripped off from it (e.g. branch or some other thing) the قِشْر (outer covering, superficial part, outer integument, peal, rind, bark, coat, covering, skin, crust etc.)


ض The form فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ also known as form ضَرَبَ
In such verbs, one or multiple from the following meaning shades may be applicable.

Important meaning shades:
1 (a-i, a-u) (k)(a) . Subject or فَاعِل Removing from the object or مَفْعُول the meaning indicated by the root or thing indicated by the word from the same root .
(This appears to be more common in a-i as compared to a-u based on (k). In examples like below one, both a-i and a-u forms can be used.)
قَشَرَهُ (a-i) & (a-u) both used in similar meaning. He removed or stripped off from it (e.g. branch or some other thing) the قِشْر (outer covering, superficial part, outer integument, peal, rind, bark, coat, covering, skin, crust etc.)

2 (k) . To shorten a sentence into 1 verb by making the verb from root of 1 word of the sentence.

3 (q) . Movement from above to below.

Other Meaning Shades:
4 (k) . Becoming the thing indicated in the word from the same root or becoming like the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

5 (k) . Making something reach the thing indicated by the word from the same root as that of the verb.
جَلَدَهُ بِالسَّوْط He hit his جِلْد i.e. skin with a whip. (He caused the whip to reach his skin.)

6 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل making separations or divisions or distinctions in the object or مَفْعُول .
قَسَمَهُ He made divisions of it.
فَصَلَهُ He made separations or distinctions in it.

7 (k) . Cutting the thing indicated by the word from the same root.
خَلَى He cut the خَلًى (fresh, green or juicy herbage) .

8 (k) .  Settling or staying in some place.
ثَوَى فِيهِ He stayed or dwelt in it.
قَرَّ فِيهِ He settled or remained in it. 

9 (k) . Correcting or mending something.

10 (k) . Verbs having sense of throwing.
رَمَى He threw.

11 (k) . Verbs related to sound or speaking.
نَطَقَ He spoke.

12 (k) . Clothing or covering with the thing indicated in the word from the same root. 

13 (k) . Joining or plastering or coating something with the thing indicated in the word from the same root.
طَانَهُ he plastered or coated it with طِين (clay or mud, soil that has been mixed with water.)

14 (a-u, a-i) (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل reaching the place or time indicated by the word from the same root.
(This appears to be more common in a-u as compared to a-i based on (k) and example provided in (k) for a-i has ف of root as ي and it can also be a reason of converting form to a-i or it may also be originally a-i.)
يَمَنَ He came on right side.

15 (a-u, a-i) (k) .  Preventing something from the meaning indicated by the root of the verb or word from the same root as the verb.

16 (a-u, a-i) (k) . Collecting together or gathering together something. Appears to be more common in a-u as compared to a-i.

17 (a-i, a-u) (k)  .Giving the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

18 (a-i, a-u) (k) . Feeding someone with the thing indicated in the word from the same root.
خَبَزَهُ (a-i) he fed him خُبْز (bread.)
تَمَرَهُ (a-i, a-u) he fed him تَمْر (dates.)

19 (a-u, a-i) (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or word from the same root.

20 (k)(n) . To indicate a place becoming grassy or herby. (k) discusses this point as muchness of the thing indicated in the source word or root, but both examples quoted in form I in it relate to grass or herbs only. To me it seems to indicate the possessing or being possessed of the thing indicated in the root or word from the same root, as muchness is not a quality of form I.


Some other Possible meaning shades of form I (a)
1 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل becoming the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

2 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become the thing indicated in the word from the same root. 

3 (k) . Subject or فَاعِل breaking the thing indicated in the word from the same root.

4 (k) . Verbs having sense of giving pain.

5 (k) . Giving something in return for another.

6 (k) . Going or traveling.


ف The form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ also known as form فَتَحَ
1 . This form is mostly derived from a-i or a-u because of occurrence of a guttural letter i.e. any of the following letters أ ح خ ع غ ه as ع or ل of root and may have any of the meaning shades discussed above for a-i or a-u.

2 (h) . The form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ usually comes when the verb in not indicative of superiority to the competitor and ع or ل of root is a guttural letter , and root is not with same letter as ع and ل i.e. it is not a reduplicated verb and verb is not a verb which is well known for its usage in form فَعَلَ a-i يَفْعِلُ or فَعَلَ a-u يَفْعُلُ .The guttural letter makes form a-a allowable, but not necessary.
Extremely few exceptions exist in which form فَعَلَ a-a يَفْعَلُ is used even when ع or ل of root is not a guttural letter e.g. أَبَىٰ يَأْبَىٰ etc. Some possible reasons can be there via which some of the exceptions can be shown to still follow the rule. Some say that بَقَىٰ يَبْقىٰ is originally بَقِىَ يَبْقىٰ because every final ى pronounced with uninflectional fatha and preceded by kasra, can be converted into ا or ى (which is is written ى but spoken like ا and is called ألف مقصورة .) and then kasra on its previous letter is also converted to fatha. Very rarely, perfect of 1 form is used while imperfect of other form is used. Also very rarely, an inter-mixture of 2 dialectic variants is used in which perfect is taken from 1 form while imperfect is taken from the other form.

3 (q) .  This has not been accepted as a baab or form in the real sense and has been made for convenience for roots in which letters أ ح خ ع غ ه come as ع or ل of root. But is not necessary that each verb meeting this condition comes on form a-a and may come on other forms also.

4 (k)(h) . Fatha is lighter than kasra and kasra is lighter than damma. So fatha is the lightest of the short vowels. The guttural letters are pronounced from throat and are heavy. Also, the more the number of letters in a word, the heavier the word. Putting fatha instead of damma or kasra lightens the word to some extent.

5 (h)(k) . When same guttural letter comes as ع or ل of root and the verb is reduplicated, almost always it comes on form a-u or a-i and not a-a.


Important Note: 
Various meaning shades overlap exists between a-u , a-i and a-a i.e. some meaning shades are common for more than 1 form, though the meaning shade may be more common or more applicable in 1 form as compared to the other. Also, the possible meaning shades for form I are many due to which many books don't explain them at all or just touch some meaning shade. All 3 i.e. a-u, a-i and a-a have perfect on pattern فَعَلَ . And as discussed at the beginning, some letters coming in various positions of root also cause certain form of imperfect to come and certain form of imperfect to not come. In addition to that sometimes there are more than one dialectic variants for same verb, as a significant number of verbs are assigned form a-u and a-i at the same time. This implies that a number of meaning shades may be common in both forms. And a-a also is a form just because of a guttural letter coming and is originally a-u or a-i and has meaning shade of a-u or a-i or some meaning shade common between a-u and a-i. In short, all meaning shades discussed in this post are meaning shades when perfect comes on pattern فَعَلَ and should be kept in mind for simplicity. Also since this is form I this also helps us understand in what shades an Arabic verb can be used, as it is not only doing the thing indicated in root but there are various kinds and ways of doing and this can broaden our perspective on Arabic verbs.

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :   
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu
h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English
t = arabic.tripod.com
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
n = new indication by me.
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل

Saturday, July 26, 2014

Arabic Verb Form III (3) فَاعَلَ faa'ala faa3ala

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form III

Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms
This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form III فَاعَلَ . Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a form III verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.
Last edited on : 8-August-2014 and planned to be edited and improved further.
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1 (w) . When form I denotes an act that immediately affects an object (direct object or accusative), form III فَاعَلَ expresses the effort or attempt or try to perform the act (indicated in the root) upon the object, in which case the idea of reciprocity or sharing is added when the effort is necessarily or accidentally a mutual one.

Form I صَرَعَهُ indicates he threw him down, while form III صَارَعَهُ indicates, he wrestled or was wrestling him, both subject and object trying to throw down the other.
Form I خَدَعَهُ indicates he deceived, while form III خَادَعَهُ indicates, he tried or was trying to deceive him.


2 (h) . When effort is mutual, the object does to subject what the subject does to object, the مَفْعُول does to the فَاعِل what the فَاعِل does to the مَفْعُول .

ضَارَبْتُهُ I fought him. (I tried to beat him and he tried to beat me.)
قَاتَلْتُهُ I fought a kill or be killed fight with him. (I was trying to kill him and he was trying to kill me.)


3 (w) . When form I indicates a quality or state, form III indicates that one person (subject) makes use of that quality towards another (object), and affects him thereby, or brings him into that state.

Form I خَشُنَ indicates it was or became rough, while form III خَاشَنَ indicates, he treated or was treating him roughly.


4 (t)(n) . The effort or attempt or try in perfect of form III is usually not a did but rather a was doing or was doer of kind and in imperfect of form III for future sense is not a will do kind but rather will be doing or will be doer of kind. The noun that is doing the action is behaving as active participle during the duration of the action. Also the actions usually themselves present this concept even if we translate as most Arabic grammar books in english do with ed instead of was ...ing. He wrestled him, but wrestled is not a 1 time action but an ongoing effort, attempt or try during the duration of the action OR consecutive set of efforts, attempts or tries during the duration of the action during which he was wrestling him and trying to throw him down and even with wrestled the main idea is understood. In examples on this form III, I suggest translating was doing or was ...ing instead of did or ed. And I have mentioned examples using both orthodox english translation method and suggested method in most cases.    


5 (n)(q) . Above point can also explain why form III is sometimes said to indicate:

i. Consecutive actions , 
1 action following the other during the duration of the action
consecutive set of efforts, attempts or tries during the duration of the action. (e.g. he was trying to kill him and was putting 1 attempt or effort after another to do so.)
وَالَيْتُ الصَّوْمَ I fasted consecutively. I was fasting consecutively. 
(k) The subject doing the object continuously or consecutively

وَاصَلْتُ الْجُهْدَ I was striving continuously.

ii. Extensiveness or Muchness. (Possibly due to similar reason of continuous action or consecutive actions during the duration of the act.)


6 (h) .  Transitivity
Intransitive in form I becomes transitive in form III.
سَهُلَ (form I) it was or became easy.
سَاهَلَهُ (form III) he was easy with him. He was treating him gently.

Transitive in form I is transitive in form III also, if action is performed on the object of the root of the verb.
ضَرَبْتُهُ (form I) I beat him.
ضَارَبْتُهُ (form III) I fought him. (I was trying to beat him and he was trying to beat me.) 

Transitive in form I is doubly transitive or transitive to 2 objects in form III, if action is performed on or for another object that is not the object of the root of the verb.
جَذَبَهُ (form I) he pulled it.
جَاذَبَهُ الْحَبْل (form III) he contended or was contending with him in pulling the rope. (Subject and 1st object are both trying to pull the 2nd object i.e. the rope.)


7 (w) . When form I and IV denote an act, the relation of which to an object is expressed by means of a preposition, the form III converts that indirect object into the immediate or direct object of the act (by removing the preposition). The idea of reciprocity is more or less distinctly implied. Now since the Arabic preposition is removed, while translating in English, context and other factors have to be seen in deciding the preposition in English.

Form I : قَالَ لَهُ He said to him.
Form III : قَاوَلَهُ He conversed with him.


8 (w) . Sometimes denominative (i.e. derived from nouns (including adjectives)), but the ideas of effort and reciprocity are always more or less clearly implied.
(h)(k) . Making a thing to be possessed of its root or word from the same root. 

ضِعْف The like of a thing, that can double or multiply it. ضَاعَفَهُ He doubled or multiplied it. He was doubling or multiplying it.
سَفَر Journey. سَافَرَ He was journeying.


9 (k). Form III verb can also come for a root in which no Form I verb has come.

10 (k)(q) . Form III verb can also introduce new meaning not present in Form I verb, (n) but this meaning can be present in some word from same root.


11  . In some books (k)(q) , it is indicated via giving same translation for 2 verbal forms that :
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form I
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form II
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form IV
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form VI
But in my opinion, difference is there in meaning shades of the 2 forms, even if at 1st quick look the 2 forms appear to have similar meaning.


12 (a) . Its verbal nouns usually come on following patterns:
فِعَال
مُفَاعَلَة

13 (w) . Table 1 demonstrating examples using root ق ت ل .


(q) . Table 2.

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :   
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English 
h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.
t = arabic.tripod.com
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu
n = new indication by me.

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل

Monday, July 21, 2014

Arabic Verb Form II (2) فَعَّلَ fa''ala fa33ala

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form II
Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms
This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form II فَعَّلَ . Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a form II verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.
Last edited on : 8-August-2014 , and planned to be edited & improved further.
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1 (a).  
Intense; Severe;
Thorough; 
Emphasis; Energy; Strength;
Force; Vehemence; Vigor; Violence;
Extensive; Frequent; Repetitive; in steps; in stages;
Firm; Heavy.

2 (h). Multiplying (the root of the intransitive or transitive verb).
قَطَّعَ He cut (something) in pieces, he chopped (it), he cut (it) multiple times.

3 (w) . Intensive : Act is done with intensity.
ضَرَّبَ He beat (someone) intensely.

4 (w). Extensive :
Temporally Extensive: Act is done during a long time.
Numerically Extensive: Act done to or by a number of individuals.

5 (w). Repeatedly, Frequently, Iteratively : Act or set of actions is done again and again.
طَوَّفَ He went round (something) again and again, repeatedly, frequently.

6 (q)(k). This intensity, extensiveness, repetition can be in verb, subject (doer of verb) and object (one on which the verb is done). When intensity, extensiveness, repetition etc is in subject or object, it is obviously also in verb.

صَرَّحَ He thoroughly clarified . (in verb)
مَوَّتَتِ الْإِبِل Many camels died . (in subject (and verb))
قَطَّعْتُ الصِّيَاب I cut many clothes . (in object (and verb))

7 (a). Step by step, stage by stage:
Action involving or requiring steps, stages, special arrangements and graduality.
عَلَّمْتُهُ I taught him (step by step, stage by stage, gradually).  

8 (h) . Becoming possessed of its root. (Becoming possessed of the meaning shade of its source root or word from the same root).
وَرَّقَ It became leafy.

9 (a) . Becoming what is indicated in the root or word from the same root.

10 (a). Demonstrative:
Being occupied with the quality expressed by the root.

11 (w). Denominative (i.e. derived from nouns (including adjectives) :
Expresses with various modifications the making or doing of, or being occupied with, the thing expressed by the noun from which it is derived.
خَيَّمَ He pitched a tent.

12 (k) . Becoming like the thing described by the word from the same root.
قَوَّسَ He became bent like a bow. قَوْس is bow and its root like the root of this form II verb is also ق و س .

13 . Causative:
 (h). Causing the thing to be or become possessed of its root.
فَرَّحْتُهُ I gladdened him; I caused him to become possessed of happiness.
(h). Imprecating upon the object the root of the verb (i.e. imprecating the meaning indicated in the root or in the word from same root).
(q). Making or causing something to become what is indicated in the word from the same root.
(q). Making or causing something to become the noun corresponding to the root of the verb.
(h). Making or causing its object to become in the state that it is in.
(a). Causing the object to do the action indicated in the root of the verb. 

14 (w)(q). Transitivity:
 (w). Verb that is intransitive in form I usually becomes transitive in form II.
زَكَّى He purified.
(w)(q). Verb that is transitive in form I usually becomes doubly transitive in form II. If it is already transitive another object is added.
(h)(a) . The 1st object is the object that is made/caused to do the action indicated in the verb and is the object of the subject. The 2nd object is the object on which the action indicated in the root of the verb is performed, and is the object of the verb.
حَمَّلَهُ اشَّيْءَ He (subject is also there in the verb) made him or caused him (the object of the subject, indicated by the هُ attached to the verb) to bear or carry the thing (on it the action is actually performed i.e. it is what is carried) .  

15 (w). Declarative or Estimative:
To declare, call, estimate, think some one to possess the meaning of the root.
كَذَّبْتُهُ I declared, called, estimated or thought it to be a lie.

16 (q). Attributing or Relating:
Attributing or relating someone or something to the meaning indicated by the root or the word from the same root.
فَسَّقْتُهُ I attributed فِسْق to him; I related him to فِسْق (going out of acceptable conduct in a corrupt manner).

17 (k) .  Accepting the thing indicated in the root, or word from the same root.
شَفَّعَهُ He accepted his intercession.   

18 (h)(q). Removal or Deprival :  
Removing the root of a thing. (Depriving a thing of the meaning indicated by its root or of the meaning indicated from the word from the same root.)
جَلَّدْتُ الْبَعِير I removed the skin of the camel.

19 (q) . Becoming attentive and directed towards the place indicated in the word from the same root .
شَرَّقَ He became attentive, directed to the east.

20 (w)(h) .  Movement towards a place & Going to the place (indicated in the word) that it is derived from .
شَرَّقَ He went to the east.

21 (q). Reaching the state or place indicated by the word from same root from.

عَمَّقَ الْمَآء The water reached عَمْق i.e. the depth or bottom (of a well).

22 (h) . Doing something in the time (indicated in the word) that it is derived from.
صَبَّحَ He came in morning.

23 (q). Clothing the object with the cloth described by the word from the same root.

24 (q)(k). Covering or dying with the color of the thing described by the word from the same root. Joining or Decorating the object with the thing described by the word from the same root. 
ذَهَّبْتُهُ I made it golden. I dyed it with gold water. ذَهَب is gold and its root like the root of this form II verb is also ذ ه ب.

25 (q) . Introducing new meaning in form II which is not present in form I.
form II سَبَّحَ indicates: He declared the Absolute Perfection of ALLAH. He declared ALLAH to be  absolutely free from, far far... removed from, and far far... exalted above: everything derogatory from HIS Glory & Majesty, from all needs, all wants, all imperfections, all shortcomings, all unworthy and short falling estimates, assumptions, thoughts, & sayings regarding HIM.

He said سُبْحَانَ اللّٰهُ .
form I سَبَحَ indicates: He speedily: floated or glided or moved. He was or became remote, he traveled far in or into the land.

26 (k). Form II verb can also come for a root in which no Form I verb has come.
e.g. لَقَّبَ comes from root ل ق ب from which no form I verb comes.Forms V, III and VI also come from this root.

27 (q) . To shorten a sentence into 1 word.

كَبَّرَ He said اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَر (ALLAH is Absolutely Great).

28 . In various books (k)(q), it is indicated via giving same translation for 2 verbal forms that :
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form I
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form IV
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form V
But in my opinion, difference is there in meaning shades of the 2 forms, even if at 1st quick look the 2 forms appear to have similar meaning.   

29 (a) . Its verbal nouns usually come on following patterns in order of usage, the top one most common and last one least common:
تَفْعِيل
تَفْعِلَة
فِعَّال

30 (w) . Table 1, demonstrating examples using root ق ت ل .
(q) . Table 2

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:  
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :  
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English 
h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu

Additional Notes 1: 
From this link
Extra Letters
Extra letters that are added to words are often indicative of the types of meanings they convey.

Base Letter Duplication
The verbal paradigm فَعَّلَ (i.e. form II) is achieved by doubling the middle base letter and one of its most prominent connotations is to indicate that an action has been done repeatedly. For example, the simple verb قَطَعَ means to cut, but the enhanced verb قَطَّعَ means to cut repeatedly (i.e. to chop). Notice that the multiplicity in the word has indicated on the multiplicity in the meaning.

Moreover, the paradigms اِفْعَلَّ (form IX) and اِفْعَالَّ (form XI) also have a doubling of a base letter and they afford the connotation of something happening a lot or repeatedly. For example, اِحْمَرَّ means to become very red or to blush and اِدْهَامَّ means to become dark green or black. Notice how the duplication of the base letters has indicated on the intensity and even the multiplicity of the meaning.

Similarly, the hyperbolic participle has many patterns. If we pry deep enough, we will notice that not all of these patterns give exactly the same sense of exaggeration to the root letters. The pattern فَعَّال (as well as فَعَّالَة ) give the sense of doing something repeatedly to the extent that it becomes a habit, a profession, or the like. For example, رَحَّالَة means globetrotter (someone who travels repeatedly). Notice that here too the duplication of the base letter has indicated upon the duplication in the meaning.

This duplication doesn’t, in fact, have to be extra. 4-lettered words with letters one and three the same and two and four the same (form BQ I i.e. 1st form of quadriliteral with 2 root letters repeated twice) also connote repetition and duplication. For example, the word قَلْقَلَ means to be agitated; a state during which one moves around repeatedly. زَعْزَعَ means to convulse. صَلْصَلَ means to jingle, rattle, ring, or chink; all of these things are done repeatedly. Notice how the multiplicity in letters has indicated on the multiplicity in the action afforded by them.

Extra Letter Positioning

Not only does duplication play a role in the meaning, but its placement is also significant. Notice from above that with فَعَّلَ and فَعَّال , it is the middle letter that has been duplicated, whereas with اِفْعَلَّ and اِفْعَالَّ , it is the last letter.

In the case of the first two patterns, the connotation of repetition is specific in the sense that the repetition happens quickly; no sooner does one instance of the action stop that the next one begins. Moreover, the action itself is choppy; it happens in small, quick instances. For example, تقطيع (chopping) (form II verbal noun) is something which is done quickly and one instance of the action is not entirely complete before the next starts. So notice how the speed and choppiness of the meaning is reflected in the fact that the duplication happens in the middle of the word; the word doesn’t end before the duplication is indicated.

Conversely, the duplication in اِفْعَلَّ and اِفْعَالَّ coming at the end indicates that the repetitions of the action are well spaced (relatively speaking) and that the action is not choppy but smooth. For example, اِحْمِرَار (blushing) (form IX verbal noun) is something that happens saliently and it is not choppy; ergo the connotation of intensity. And this has been indicated by the duplication happening at the end of the word; the action completes, then duplication happens.

Something similar happens in the case of صَرَّ and صَرْصَرَ . The former means to hum or buzz (as in a grasshopper) and the latter means to hum with pauses in between (e.g. to whip, as in the wings of an eagle). Notice how the compactness of the letters in صَرَّ indicates on the proximity of noises in a hum, and how the capaciousness of the letters in صَرْصَرَ indicates on the sparseness of the noises when whipping.

Thus far, our examples have been limited to base letter duplication. But the meanings afforded by extra letters as well as their positions is by no means limited to this. For example, consider the verb paradigm اِسْتَفْعَلَ (form X) . Notice that the extra letters that offer the “seeking” meaning (which is by far the most productive connotation of this paradigm) are brought before the base letters at the front of the word. This is because when you want something, you do not yet have it. First comes the seeking, and then comes the action afforded by the base letters. Hence the extra س and ت have accordingly been brought before the base letters.

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فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل