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This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form IX اِفْعَلَّ and Arabic Verb Form XI اِفْعَالَّ
Notes updated on : 31-October-2015 , and planned to be edited & improved further.
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1 (w). Form IX can be made from root by doubling its ل and giving it pattern اِفْعَلَّ . Can be made from Form I فَعَلَ by doubling its ل , due to which it becomes فَعَلَّ and when ل is doubled, it draws the accent upon the previous letter ع , and the first letter ف being more rapidly pronounced loses its fatha. Then to facilitate its pronunciation اِ is added before it and resulting pattern is اِفْعَلَّ . Form IX is always intransitive.
2 (w). Form XI can be made from root by doubling its ل and giving it pattern اِفْعَالَّ . Can be made from Form I فَعَلَ by doubling its ل , due to which it becomes فَعَلَّ and when ل is doubled, it draws the accent upon the previous letter ع , and the first letter ف , being more rapidly pronounced loses its fatha. Then to facilitate its pronunciation اِ is added before it and resulting pattern is اِفْعَلَّ . Then ا is added to it and resulting pattern becomes اِفْعَالَّ and due to it there is more intensiveness in Form XI as compared to form IX. Form XI is always intransitive.
3 (t)(n). Forms IX & XI mostly indicate colors and sometimes physical characteristics (specially defects).
4 (t). Form IX and Form XI have a stative meaning shade. Rather than indicating real actions that occur over time, these forms refer to the state of the subject. The stative has 2 possible shades:
The being in a state: was/has been.
The becoming in a state, or the coming into a state : became/has become. Form IX & XI mostly have this meaning shade.
Thus, stative verbs can indicate either being something or becoming something.
5 (n). All examples of Form IX used in The Qur'an indicate coming into a state and all examples are indicating a color. The only example of Form XI used in The Qur'an also indicates a color.
6 (n). Adjectives related to colors and physical characteristics usually take the pattern أَفْعَلُ in masculine and فَعْلَآء in feminine. We can also relate Form IX & Form XI to these like:
اِسْوَدَّ he became أَسْوَدُ black
اِسْوَآدَّ he became intensely أَسْوَدُ black
7 (n). The doubling of ل in both forms may be indicating the complete change of color or change of an outer characteristic. The intensiveness type is the complete change of an outer characteristic e.g. change of color is a complete change in a thing from 1 color to the other. It is also possible that the doubling of ل may be for indicating a layer of color over the original outer layer.
8 (n)(a) . Form IX sometimes indicates metaphorical color change e.g.
اِسْوَدَّ وَجْهُهُ his face became black; his face became expressive of grief, sorrow, displeasure, disgrace etc.
اِبْيَضَّ وَجْهُهُ his face became white; his face became expressive of cheerfulness, joy etc.
9 (b). Form XI has more intensiveness than Form IX and instead of meaning اِحْمَرَّ he became red, it means اِحْمَآرَّ he became intensely red, or densely red, or very red.
10 (n). Form IX change of color is usually only a temporary, transitory or accidental color change while Form XI change of color can also be a permanent and inseparable color change.
11 (n). All examples of Form IX and Form XI used in the Qur'an from.
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
Click the Buckwalter column links to open the words in Qur'anic Arabic Corpus
12 (n) . Arabic Almanac links for the roots from The Qur'an from which Form IX and Form XI have come are:
Form IX
ب ي ض
خ ض ر
س و د
ص ف ر
Form XI
د ه م
13 (q). Table
Important Note:
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the Form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this Form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.
References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :
b = binaa al af'aal English translation
t = Arabic notes on tripod site by Hani Deek
n = new indication by me.
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.
q= Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
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فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل