Arabic Roots:
In Arabic most words are made of root letters, mostly of 3 letters, sometimes of 4 and very rarely of 5 letters. Root is the basic building block of a word. From same root different words are made.
Root can be obtained from pattern by replacing the ف of the pattern by the letter in the word that comes at its place, the ع of the pattern by the letter in the word that comes at its place, and the ل of the pattern by the letter in word that comes at its place.
Arabic Patterns:
Arabic words come on various patterns. Pattern is obtained by replacing the 1st root letter by ف , the 2nd root letter by ع and the 3rd (and remaining root letters for words with more than 3 root letters) by ل .
Augmentative Letters:
The following usually come as Augmentative Letters in a word:
أ ا ت س ل م ن ه و ي
Instead of giving few examples like most books and sites, I will inshaALLAH! try to explain this in a new way by discussing 1 Augmentative letter and its examples at a time, so that viewers can learn how to identify roots and patterns better.