Arabic Verb Form IV (4) أَفْعَلَ af'ala af3ala

Meaning shades of Arabic Verbal Form IV

Also see posts on Other Arabic Verb Forms . 

This post is on The Meanings of Arabic Verb Form IV أَفْعَلَ . Usually one or multiple (more than one) of the following meaning shades are applicable in a Form IV verb and applicable meaning shades may differ from verb to verb.Last edited on : 1-October-2015 and planned to be edited and improved further.
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Strong Causative Function.
1 (w)(t) . Can be made from root by prefixing augmentative letter أ before it and giving it pattern أَفْعَلَ . Can be made from Form I by prefixing أَ to it, due to which ف looses its vowel and resulting pattern is أَفْعَلَ . This form has a specific أَ prefix and so it has a strong causative function.

جَلَسَ (Form I) He sat.

أَجْلَسَهُ (Form IV) He made him sit. He caused him to sit.
جَلَسَ to أَ + جَلَسَ to أَجْلَسَ

In جَلَسَ he was sitting, while in أَجْلَسَهُ some one made him sit and this is shown visibly in word also by adding of prefix أَ . Subject in Form I is now object in Form IV and new subject is introduced in Form IV using أَ

2 (t) . Sometimes it is used to give reflexive causative meaning.
causative = he made some one do
reflexive causative = he made himself do / he caused himself to do.
فَعَلَ (Form I) He did
أَفْعَلَهُ (Form IV causative) He made him (some one else) do
أَفْعَلَ (Form IV reflexive causative) He made himself do 

3 (w)(g) . Form IV verbs have a causative or factitive signification. (Factitive (for a verb) is having a sense of causing a result & taking a complement as well as an object, as in he appointed me captain.)

4 (w)(n) .When both Form II and Form IV are causative, difference in meaning shade is more obvious in some cases while in some cases deeper analysis is required to identify the difference in meaning shades:
عَلِمَ (Form I) He knew
عَلَّمَ (Form II) He taught
أَعْلَمَ (Form IV) He informed (someone) of a thing. He made/caused (someone) to know a thing.


Transitivity
5 (h) .  Intransitive in Form I usually becomes transitive in Form IV.

ذَهَبَ (Form I) he departed or went away.

أَذْهَبْتُهُ (Form IV) I made him depart or go away. I caused him to depart or go away.

6 (h) . When in Form I, both intransitive & transitive verbs are used, Form IV is usually made from the intransitive verb. There is difference in meaning shade between Form I transitive and Form IV transitive.
حَزِنَ He sorrowed/grieved.(Form I(i) intransitive)
حَزَنَهُ he made or caused sorrow/grief to be in him (some one else). (Form I(a) transitive)
أَحْزَنَهُ he made or caused him (some one else) to become sorrowful/grieved. (Form IV transitive)

7 (h) . Transitive to 1 in Form I usually becomes transitive to 2 in Form IV. The 1st object is made to do the action (the object made to do the thing indicated in the root) and the action is done on the 2nd object (the object on which the thing indicated in the root is done). in other words, the 1st is the object of the making to be, and the 2nd the object of the root of the verb.

أَحْفَرْتُ زَيْدًا ٱلنَّهْرَ I made/caused Zaid to dig the canal.

8 (h)(q). Transitive to 2 in Form I usually becomes transitive to 3 in Form IV. The 1st object is made to do the action (the object made to do the thing indicated in the root) and the 2nd and 3rd objects are related to the root of the word.

أَعْلَمْتُ زَيْدًا بَكْرًا مُطِيعًا I informed Zaid that Bakr is compliant.

More meaning shades
9 (w)(t) .  Verbal Form IV also has a transformative meaning. It comprises a great number of verbs derived from nouns (denominal / denominatives) , many of which are apparently intransitive, because the Arabs often regard as an act what we view as a state. Such verbs combine with the idea of the noun, from which they are derived, that of a transitive verb, of which it is the direct object. 
He made be noun e.g. أَثْمَرَهُ He made it become fruit
He became noun e.g. أَثْمَرَ it became fruit
he nounized e.g. أَثْمَرَ it fructified or bore fruit

10 (w) Another class of these denominals / denominatives indicates:
the movement towards a place (to make for a place) e.g. أَيْمَنَ he went to Yemen
the entering upon a period of time (being, doing, or suffering something therein) e.g. أَصْبَحَ he entered the time of or did something in morning
getting into a state or condition, acquiring a quality, obtaining or having something, or becoming something of a certain kind.

Note: If you are having difficulty understanding the statement possessed of used multiple times in this post, you can simply understand it as possessor of.

11 (h) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَهْدَيتُهُ I made it to be a هَدِيَّة a present.

12 (h) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.
أَجْدَاهُ He made him to be possessed of جَدًا a gift.

13 (h) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل making the object or مَفْعُول to become exposed to the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb. (The أَ importing that you make what was object to the Form I to be exposed to possibly be the object to the root of the accident whether it become an object to it or not).
أَقْتَلَهُ He exposed him to killing (after being exposed to killing there were 2 possibilities, he was actually killed or he was not actually killed)
أَشْقَيْتُهُ I assigned to him a drink (whether he actually drank or not)

14 (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل giving to the object or مَفْعُول the thing indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَلْحَمْتُهُ I gave (fed) him لَحْم meat.

15 (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل giving something to the object or مَفْعُول to make the object implement on that thing the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَشْوَيْتُهُ I gave him meat for roasting ش و ي

16 (k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل allowing the object or مَفْعُول to do or implement the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَقْطَعْتُهُ قُضْبَانًا I allowed him to cut off ق ط ع branches.

17 (h)(w)(k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل finding, estimating, or declaring the object or مَفْعُول to be subject or agent to the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb. This is usually for intransitive meaning shades in root or Form I verb.

أَبْخَلَهُ He thought or estimated or found him to be niggardly.

18 (h)(w)(k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل finding, estimating, or declaring the object or مَفْعُول to be object to the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb. This is usually for transitive meaning shades in root or Form I verb.

أَحْمَدَهُ He thought or estimated or found him to be one who is praised. 

19 (h)(k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل depriving or removing from the object or مَفْعُول (usually from transitive verbs) the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَشْكَيْتُهُ I removed his شِكَايَة complaint.

20 (h)(k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل depriving or removing from itself (usually for intransitive verbs) the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَقْسَطَ He removed قُسُوط wrongdoing/injustice from himself.

21 (h) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل to become possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَغَدَّ الْبَعِيرُ The camel became possessed of غُدَّة pestilential swelling. 
 
22 (h) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل to become possessed of the thing which is possessed of the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as the Form IV verb .

أَجْرَبَ الرَّجُلُ the man became possessed of camels which are possessed of جَرَب scab.

23 (k)(a) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل to do or become possessed of something in the place or time indicated in the word from the same root as the Form IV verb.

أَخْرَفَتِ الشَّاةُ the she-goat gave birth in the (season called) خَرِيف .

24 (k)(a) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل entering a time which is worthy to do the action indicated in the root of the Form IV verb or due time coming on the subject to do the action indicated in the root of the Form IV verb.

أَحْصَدَ الزَّرْعُ the seed produce reached the proper time for being reaped. حَصَاد is the time or season of reaping and from same root as the verb.

25 (k) . To indicate the subject or فَاعِل to be worthy of the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.

أَلَامَ he became blameworthy.

26 (k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل reaching the place indicated in a word from the same root.
أَيْمَنَ he reached يَمَن Yemen

27 (k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل reaching the time indicated in a word from the same root.
أَصْبَحَ he reached صُبْح morning

28 (k) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل reaching the number indicated in a word from the same root.
أَعْشَرَ الطُّلاَّبُ the (number of) students reached 10.

29 (h) .  To indicate the subject or فَاعِل praying for the object or مَفْعُول to get the meaning indicated by the root or thing or quality indicated in the word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb. Form II verbal form is more common in the category of praying.

30 (k) . Exaggeration in the quantity of the thing indicated by the root or word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb.
أَتْمَرَ النَّخْلُ The date-palm tree became possessed of abundant quantity of تَمْر dried dates

31 (k) . Exaggeration in the intensity of the quality indicated by the root or word from the same root as that of the Form IV verb. 

32 (k)(q) . In a few cases, seldom, Form IV serves as the مُطَاوِع (quasi-passive: a verb whose (grammatical) agent receives the effect of the action of another verb) of Form II.
بَشَّرْتُهُ فَأَبْشَرَ I gave him glad tidings so he became glad.

33 (w)(h)(k)(a)  . In a very few cases, seldom, Form IV serves (instead of Form VII or Form VIII) as the مُطَاوِع (quasi-passive: a verb whose (grammatical) agent receives the effect of the action of another verb) of Form I.

كَبَّهُ فَأكَبَّ He threw him on his face and he fell on his face.


34 (k)(a) . Very rarely, a verb is transitive in Form I while intransitive in Form IV.
حَمِدَهُ (Form I) he thankfully praised Him.

أَحْمَدَ (Form IV) He became thankfully praised. 

35 (k) . Introducing new meaning in form IV which is not present in form I. 
root = ق س م
Form I = قَسَمَ he portioned and shared out
Form IV = أَقْسَمَ he swore

36  (k) . Form IV verb can also come for a root in which no Form I verb has come.
root = ر ق ل
Form I = Not Used
Form IV = أَرْقَلَ he hurried

37 (k)(q) . In various books , it is indicated via giving same translation for 2 verbal forms that :
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form I
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form II
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form V
In few cases it has same meaning as:
Form X
But in my opinion, difference is there in meaning shades of the 2 forms, even if at 1st quick look the 2 forms appear to have similar meaning.

38 (a) . Its verbal noun usually comes on the following pattern:
إِفْعَال

39 (w) . Table 1, demonstrating examples using root ق ت ل .

40 (q) . Table 2

Important Note: 
Best examples for analyzing and verifying the level of applicability or non-applicability of above mentioned meaning shades and for finding additional meaning shades is by studying all occurrences of the Form in The Qur'an and for that you can check relevant examples for this Form in Pattern Wise Concordance PDF by visiting the post:
Pattern wise, Root wise & Letter wise Concordance of The Qur'an
& downloading the concordance documents freely. You can check relevant examples of most of the patterns used in the Qur'an by using concordance documents.

References: When multiple references mentioned for a point, it means material selected from all quoted references more from some and less from others and all quoted references do not necessarily agree on everything. Material is not exactly copied but based on the reference quoted and I have made additions, editions & changes where required :   

h = Howell Arabic Grammar English
w = Wright Arabic Grammar English
t = arabic.tripod.com by Hani Deek
k = Aasaan Khaasiyyaat e abwaab Urdu
q = Qawaid Zaban e Qur'an Urdu
n = new indication by me.
a = Derived from other tools like arabic almanac or some other book.
g = meanings obtained by searching factitive meaning in google search.

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل

Qur'an Concordance - Roots - Patterns - Letters - Word Sets - Word Domains - Usage Context

All Thanks and Praises are Only for ALLAH. Any mistake is due to me.

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Qur'an Concordance - Roots - Patterns - Letters is MashaALLAH! complete in July 2018.
Qur'an Concordance - Word Sets is MashaALLAH! complete in July 2018.
Qur'an Concordance - Semantic Word Domains (previously called Synonyms) is MashaALLAH! complete in July 2018.
Qur'an Concordance - Semantic Word Domains 2 is MashaALLAH! complete in October 2019.
For Qur'an Usage Context Concordance - Concept and Draft, see Appendix 1.
For concept of improving and further segregating display of Quranic Ayaat Concordance for a Word, see Appendix 2.
Download the PDFs below to start studying.

Last updated 17th July 2018.
Additions and Improvements PDF updated on 24th May 2023.
Qur'an Roots Linker PDF added on 7th September 2018.
Qur'an Roots Linker PDF 2019 edition added on 10th October 2019
Qur'an Roots Linker PDF 2023 edition added on 30th August 2023
Quran Semantic Word Domain Roots Concordance 3 added on 17th December 2024.

Qur'an Patterns and Roots Concordance:

Qur'an Patterns Concordance [7.8 MB]

Qur'an Roots Concordance [7.8 MB]

Qur'an Concordance - Additions & Improvements [560 KB]

Qur'an Root Letters Concordance Series: 

Qur'an Roots FEL Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots FLE Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots EFL Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots ELF Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots LFE Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots LEF Concordance [7.5 MB]

Qur'an Roots Permutation Concordance [5.1 MB]

Qur'an Roots with Common Root Letters [1 MB]

Qur'an Same FE Roots Concordance [7.6 MB]

Qur'an Same EL Roots Concordance [7.7 MB]

Qur'an Same FL Roots Concordance [7.7 MB]

Qur'an FEE and FEFE Roots Concordance [1.5 MB]

Qur'an AWY as F Roots Concordance [1.6 MB]

Qur'an AWY as E Roots Concordance [2.1 MB]

Qur'an AWY as L Roots Concordance [2.1 MB]

Qur'an Roots Linker:

Qur'an Roots Linker 2023 edition[12.5 MB] (with 3 more books and integration of Arabic Particles Tool relevant entries)

Qur'an Roots Linker 2019 edition [10.5 MB] (with 4 more books)

Qur'an Roots Linker 2018 edition [7.2 MB]

Qur'an Particles & Related Words Linker:

Qur'an Roots Linker 2023 edition has integrated Mu'jam al Adwaat wad-Damaair fil Qur'an il Kareem - AP6 (Arabic Particles Tool 6) along with the books from the Arabic Particles Tool for the entries relevant to The Quran. You may also study these tools separately, but if you want to focus on The Quran, then Quran Roots Linker 2023 will be sufficient inshaALLAH!

Qur'an Word Set Concordance:

Qur'an Word Set Concordance (tanzil.net edition) [3.8 MB]

Qur'an Word Set Concordance (furqan.co edition) [9.3 MB]

Qur'an Word Set Concordance (Quran Morphology Edition Online)

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Concordance:

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Roots Concordance [8.1 MB]

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Topics Concordance [8.1 MB]

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Roots Concordance 2 [2 MB]

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Topics Concordance 2 [1.9 MB]

Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Roots Concordance 3 [3.8 MB]

Qur'an Concordance Reference Books: 

Books linked directly from Qur'an Concordance PDFs:
Mu'jam ul Mufahras ush Shamil li Alfaz il Qur'an il Kareem bir Rasm il Uthmani [319.8 MB]
Mu'jam Huroof il Ma'ani fil Qur'an il Kareem [43.2 MB]
Arabic Almanac

Books linked directly from Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Concordance 1 and 2:
Mutaraadifaat ul Qur'an (Urdu) [26.9 MB] 
Mu'jam ul Furooq al Dalaaliyah fil Qur'an il Kareem [10.9 MB]

Books linked directly from Qur'an Semantic Word Domain Roots Concordance 3:
الفروق اللغوية
معجم الفروق اللّغويّة
الفروق اللغوية في القرآن الكريم

Books linked directly from Qur'an Roots Linker:
aa / aa 2 = Arabic Almanac
qc = The Clear Concordances of The Holy Qur'an [219.1 MB]
mi = Al-Mu'jam ul Ishtiqaqy [36.3 MB]
tq = At-Tahqeeq fi Kalimaat il Qur'an il Kareem [23 MB]
tj = Taj ul Uroos [355.3 MB]
bz = Basair zawi t Tamyeez [51.6 MB]
mr = Mufradatu Alfaz il Qur'an by Raghib [19.6 MB] (extended footnotes edition)
uh = Umdat ul Huffaaz [27 MB]
mb = Mufradat ul Qur'an fi Majma' ul Bayan [11.8 MB]
mms = المعجم المفهرس الشامل لالفاظ القران الكريم بالرسم العثماني [319.8 MB]
adq = معجم الأدوات و الضمائر في القرآن الكريم [31.3 MB]
mml = Maqayees ul Lughah (new edition) [26.4 MB]
mqy = Maqayees ul Lughah (old edition) [58.4 MB] for (pages missing in new edition's scanned PDF)
Arabic Particles Tool Books = Arabic Particles Tool Integrated Books


Other Books:
Mu'jam al Mufahras li Alfaz il Qur'an il Kareem [264.6 MB]
Mafsal Aayaat il Qur'an [144.2 MB]
The Clear Concordances of The Holy Qur'an (with additional pages) [411 MB]
Mu'jam al Adwaat wad-Damair fil Qur'an il Kareem [31.3 MB]
Al Qutoof min lughat il Qur'an [84.3 MB] (A separate quick study tool sorted root-wise may be made inshaALLAH!, once a better quality PDF is found!
Sirr-ul-I'jaz fi tanawwu'i ssiyaghil-mushtaqqati min Asli-llughawiyyi wwahid fil Qur'an [7.6 MB] (Quick Study PDF tool "Qur'an Semantic Roots Domain Concordance" based on this book may be made within 2021 inshaALLAH!. This is a selective book, i.e. it does not cover all roots and words used in The Qur'an.
Tarteebu Maqayees il Lughah [26.3 MB]

Quick Introduction

Pattern Wise concordance of Words from The Qur’an with some grammatical notes. Many efforts are being made on Root Wise concordance of The Qur’an, but this new and unique idea focuses on Pattern Wise concordance of the Qur’an. Gathering and sorting together, the similar pattern words of different roots together, to study and understand pattern effects better. In Root Wise Concordance, different patterns of the same root have some link to the root meaning. Similarly, in Pattern Wise Concordance, same patterns usually have some similar effects on the meaning of roots.

Root Wise Concordance document has also been prepared and uploaded for maximum research and study benefit, so that you can study and research words from the same roots used in The Qur'an. Root Wise Concordance is one of the oldest and most widely used method. Most of the Classical Dictionaries are also arranged according to roots so that all derivatives of a root are studied together.

In addition to that, Letter Wise Concordance documents have also been prepared and uploaded for even more study and research benefit, e.g. to analyze a word together with other words that have same 2 root letters at same locations and only 1 root letter different at 1 location. Also, what happens when the same root letters are used, but only their order is changed, i.e. examples are there in The Qur'an of even 6 unique roots formed from the same 3 root letters i.e. all possible combinations actually being used in The Qur'an. Then there are 5 unique roots using  same 3 root letters, and then cases of 4, 3 and so on...    

That is, while a researcher can inshaALLAH! :
1. Study all words from the same root used in The Qur’an, to try to understand a word better (Root Wise Concordance)
2. He can also study same pattern words and similar pattern words used in The Qur’an to understand the word even more effectively inshaALLAH! (Pattern Wise Concordance)
3. He can the also try to understand the effects of same letters coming in same positions of the root in different roots. (Letter Wise Concordance)

Note: You must download below PDFs instead of opening in browser so that when you click links, your PDF remains open. If you open PDF online, on clicking any link the PDF  will be replaced by webpage of clicked link.

Letter Wise Concordance Quick Introduction :

Qur'an Roots with Common Root Letters: To see different roots made from the same 3 root letters.
FEL: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ف, then ع, then ل
LEF: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ل, then ع, then ف
ELF: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ع, then ل, then ف
FLE: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ف, then ل, then ع
EFL: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ع, then ف, then ل
LFE: Lists roots sorted according to root letter of ل, then ف, then ع
Same FE roots: Sorts roots based on the number of roots having the same letters for ف and ع in the root.
Same EL roots: Sorts roots based on the number of roots having the same letters for ع and ل in the root.
Same FL roots: Sorts roots based on the number of roots having the same letters for ف and ل in the root.
FEE & FEFE roots: Lists roots having same letter as ع and ل of the root and also the roots having a biliteral root repeated to make a quadriliteral root.
AWY as F roots: Lists roots having ا or و or ى as ف of the root.
AWY as E roots: Lists roots having ا or و or ى as ع of the root.
AWY as L roots: Lists roots having ا or و or ى as ل of the root.
Permutation Concordance: Sorts roots based on the number of roots in The Qur'an in which the same root letters have been used but with different ordering of the root letters.

Qur'an Roots Linker Quick Introduction:
Roots are linked to Arabic Almanac and 4 PDF books:
The Clear Concordances of The Holy Qur'an
Al-Mu'jam ul Ishtiqaqy
At-Tahqeeq fi Kalimaat il Qur'an il Kareem
Taj ul Uroos
to study all of these online. Page numbers are also given for each of the 4 PDFs to study them offline if required.

The entries for roots contain clickable Arabic Almanac link, alternate Arabic Almanac link, followed by clickable link to the page for the root or word. The page number for each of the 4 PDF books is also written, which can be entered in the PDF page box after downloading the PDFs to access the root offline. For online option simply click the links for Arabic Almanac or any or all of the 4 PDF books as required. Remaining quick search codes are as explained below, except d. which is similar to r. and o. which are explained below and is for roots or words which were labeled by some books differently.

Using quick search codes 

Click Ctrl+f i.e. Ctrl and f keys together after opening any of the above Qur'an Concordance PDFs and search box will inshaALLAH appear.

Quick search codes have been devised to search a root or word and particle quickly in the PDF documents. For roots and other words, the below transliteration table is used along with the unique code for each and the method used is r.root. and o.word. or o.particle.

Learn transliteration equivalent letters for Arabic for quick root access and quick other words and particles access.

PDF searchable equivalent for Arabic Letters

خ	ح	ج	ث	ت	ب	ا
x	h	j	c	t	b	a
ص	ش	س	ز	ر	ذ	د
1	$	s	;	r	z	d
ق	ف	غ	ع	ظ	ط	ض
q	f	g	e	4	3	2
ى	و	ه	ن	م	ل	ك
y	w	o	n	m	l	k

For roots, you have to start with "r." and then type the equivalent root and then end with "." e.g. r.e1m. for ع ص م  .

The o. series covers all other words and particles . In this case, every letter is mentioned, those with tashdeed are written twice. All harkaat are ignored and only the letters are taken into account when making the code e.g. o.a. for أَ . Words ending with Alif Maqsoorah ىٰ are written with y and not a just like the way many dictionaries have placed such words.

For accessing all roots with 2 root letters at 2 fixed positions in different roots, the codes used for r.e1m. root i.e ع ص م are is 12.e1 , 13.em , 23.1m for 1st 2 root letters, 1st and 3rd root letters and 2nd and 3rd root letters. In this way with 23.1m , you can search all roots in which 2nd and 3rd root letters are ص م .

For patterns, here are some common conventions used. f is ف and ' (single quotation mark) is ع and l is ل and for tashdeed, the letter is written twice. For fatha, a is written and for fatha followed by ا or ىٰ aa is written and for fatha followed by آء aaa. is written. For kasra, i is written, and for kasra followed by ى ee is written for damma u is written and for damma followed by و oo is written. For ء . is written. For fatha followed by ي ay is written. For ه h is written. a is written for أَ i is written for إِ and u is written for أُ . For fatha followed by ت or ة at is written. For quick search of patterns, the method devised is to start with "p." and then mention base pattern and then end with "." . Base pattern allows to search and see derivatives of the pattern like broken plurals etc. As an example, for Form I Active Participle, the pattern code is p.faa'il.

The codes are usually started and ended with "." to not mix up smaller and larger subsets. e.g. o.a. will give limited searches while o.a will return many results. 

ms22 means page 22 of Mu'jam ul Mufahras ush Shamil li Alfaz il Qur'an il Kareem bir Rasm il Uthmani and hm22 means page 22 of Mu'jam Huroof il Ma'ani fil Qur'an il Kareem i.e. the streaming pages of these 2 books are linked from the concordance PDFs and also the page numbers with book codes are given so that those who want to access the required pages in the PDFs for these 2 books can do so.

After the roots codes e.g. r.e1m. , a number is written which gives the number of words from that root for which entries are present in the Qur'an Concordance PDFs. Similarly after the base pattern codes e.g. p.faa'il. a number is given which gives number of entries in this PDF for which the base pattern is such. For other entries like particles, names, and even Huroof ul Muqatta'at, a count is also given after such indicating how many entries are there, using the same letters regardless of harkaat on them.

The i0002 codes given at the end of each entry in the quick search references and links column is the unique identity of each entry, using this code, you can access the exact same entry in various types of concordance e.g. Qur'an Roots Concordance, Qur'an Patterns Concordance etc.

Lastly, the direct links given in quick search references and links columns give links to above mentioned 2 concordance books. 1st is basically a Words Concordance and 2nd is basically a Particles Concordance.

Further Explanation:

Now coming to Pattern Names column. For words ending with ة I have added t in pattern name column and mentioned t.f with real feminine cases only, keeping remaining ة cases open. t.s is written where ة is only in singular and not in plural and t.p is written when ة is only in plural and not in singular. t.n.un is written for noun of unity, with ة denoted by t.

n.plc is written for noun of place and n.tim is written for noun of time. And where the word has come as both noun of place and time at different places in the Qur’an n.plc/tim is written. From derived verbal forms, passive participle pattern is also used for noun of place and noun of time, vb.II.ptrn.pp N.plc/tim is written instead of just n.plc/tim.

pl means plural and dl means dual and cl means collective noun and gn means generic noun. For sound plurals, pl is usually not mentioned in form name as it is obvious. In broken plurals, z.pl is written instead of pl so that it is sorted later. Moreover, in certain cases, only plural form is used in the Qur'an and singular is not used, so singular is checked using some grammar books and vocabulary books, which may have some chance of error, so due to this, sorting these pl at the end with z.pl is a better option.

ap is active participle, pp is passive participle, and vn is verbal noun. vb.I.ap means active participle of verbal form I type. Similarly for others, as terms already exist for verbal forms and they should be kept. vb.I.ptrn.pp.N means noun comes on form I passive participle pattern but is not passive participle, but some other noun. Similarly is the case for ap and other derived forms.

The pattern of fi'aal is also the pattern of vb.III.vn (verbal noun corresponding to form III verb) and for cases where I found reference to it in Lane's Lexicon or some other books I  have seen, I have added vb.III.vn also.

Miscellaneous is written for prepositions, particles, conjunctions, pronouns etc. as sufficient material is available for these. Assigning and arranging these via patterns is not usually possible, but splitting some of these into sub-particles is possible which I have attempted to do by mentioning probable sub-particles in some words. Most of the proper nouns have not been assigned patterns or roots.

Context also has effects on the scope of the meaning e.g. The being whose quality is described, the word's context & placement in the Qur'an etc.

Usually a language comes first, and then it is analysed to derive grammar rules, so Concordance of The Qur'an is an important idea, by which existing grammar rules can be verified or improved, exceptions can be studied & there are many other benefits. The Qur'an is a Miracle in Arabic. So from its Miraculous language, you can get the highest quality grammar.

This work is just a beginning, and scholars should take this idea and work to the next level by the help of ALLAH but they must keep the projects, books and tools free for all.

In case of any further help in using these Qur'an Concordance PDFs, feel free to email me or contact me on Twitter. With such questions, I can make this guide even more detailed inshaALLAH!

More Areas of Research: 

Research on different forms of writing the same word and possible causes of doing so (Selection from Burhaan volume 2). I do not necessarily agree with the meaning effects provided in this book, and only uploaded this selection as an area requiring further research and analysis. Based on the direction shown by this selection, Words listed in Qur'an Concordance documents can be split further. (Research in this direction can be undertaken by any volunteer, for now I am not undertaking this research and only highlighting this area of further research)
Another book that touches on this issue is إعجاز رسم القرآن and again I do not necessarily agree with the assumptions of the book, but it can help in extending the research further by using same base patterns but splitting further into different word patterns based on style of writing the same word in different ways.

You may also find a few relevant books on this issue from:
كتب علم رسم المصحف وشروحاته

Another book that may be of interest on this issue is:
الجلال والجمال فى رسم الكلمة فى القرآن الكريم (I do not necessarily agree with the assumptions of the book or his videos below)
الجلال والجمال للدكتور سامح القلينى (his Youtube channel)

Some books by Dr. Fadil Salih Samrai related to concordance research:
التَّعْبِير القُرآني
بَلَاغَةُ الْكَلِمَة في التَّعْبِيرِ القُرآني

Some more related books by others:
دليل المتشابهات اللّفظيّة في القرآن الكريم
التّوضيح والبيان في تكرار وتشابه آي القرآن
الآيات المتشابهات ـ التّشابه اللّفظي للآيات ـ حكم وأسرار ـ فوائد وأحكام
المتشابهات من كلمات القرآن
أسرار التّكرار في القرآن
آيات متشابهات الألفاظ في القرآن الكريم وكيف التمييز بينها

النحو في ظلال القرآن الكريم
أسلوب الالتفات فى البلاغة القرآنية Format 1 , Format 2.

التطور النحوى للغة العربية original PDF , lean PDF .
الفلسفة اللغوية والألفاظ العربية وتاريخ اللغة العربية

Patterns Research by others: 
معانى الأبنية فى العربيّة
دلالة اللواصق التصريفية في اللغة العربية
صيغ المبالغة mubalaghah 1 , mubalaghah 2 , mubalaghah 3 .
أَفْعَل af'al 1 , af'al 2

Patterns Research by me: 
Arabic Pattern Meanings Set 1 فَعِيل فَعِل فَعْلَان فَعُول فَعَّال
Arabic Pattern Meanings Set 2 فَعُّول فُعُّول فُعَال فُعَلَة فُعْلَان
Arabic Pattern Meanings Set 3 أَفْعَل فَعْلَآء فُعْلَىٰ مِفْعَال فِعِّيل

Concordance Labeling of Qur'anic Words and Aayaat for Comprehensive Online Study and Learning Tool for all idea

Funding is required to continue patterns research. Stage 1 posts are also ready for the following:
فَعۡل فُعۡل فِعۡل فَعَل فُعُل فَعَال فِعَال فَعُل فُعُول فُعَل فِعَل فِعِل إِفۡعِيل مِفۡعِيل مِفۡعَل مَفۡعَل مَفۡعِل تِفۡعَال تَفۡعِيل تَفۡعِلَة

Appendix 1: Quranic Usage Context Concordance for Research on Meanings of Words - Concept and Draft Version Only:
Below is a draft version of only 1 step of the research involved in researching meanings of Words:
قَلۡب فُؤَاد

Appendix 2: Listing Quranic Aayaat for a Pattern or Base Form from a Root with Segregation based on Case, Word Form etc.:

This is an important project that should be completed 1st, so that the improved concordance can be used for Arabic Case Theory Project

Many sites list Quranic Aayaat for Roots using a base pattern or lemma from the Root as the basis.

The idea for improvement is to sort them further based on case, form, etc. As an example, the Word أَجۡر from the root ا ج ر , with the base pattern فَعۡل is chosen.

After seeing Quranic usage for it on Quranic Arabic Corpus or Tafsir App or Quran Morphology, it can be segregated and sorted further i.e. instead of displaying all Quranic Aayaat for the occurrences as they appear in The Quran , there should be segregation and sorting of the occurrences and then the Quranic Aayaat should eventually be displayed as follows:
1st display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرُ on pattern فَعۡلُ
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرٌ on pattern فَعۡلٌ
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرَ on pattern فَعۡلَ
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرًا on pattern فَعۡلًا
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرِ on pattern فَعۡلِ
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أَجۡرٍ on pattern فَعۡلٍ
Then display all Aayaat with the Word أُجُورَ on (broken plural) pattern فُعُولَ

If any one is interested in this idea, inshaALLAH! I am available to provide free consultancy.

Appendix 3: Concordance Labeling and Tagging of Every Quranic Word:
Concordance Labeling of Qur'anic Words and Aayaat for Comprehensive Online Study and Learning Tool for all

Appendix 4 - Supplementary Tool for Patterns
This is a supplementary tool for Patterns research for:
Qur'an Concordance - Roots - Patterns - Letters - Word Sets - Word Domains

1. Type any Arabic Pattern without harakaat or vowel signs.

2. On the page opened, multiple patterns appear, click المزيد .. with the pattern for which you want to study usage examples. The pattern examples may be spread on multiple pages. Use the navigator at the bottom to see all the pages with the usage examples.

3. Note the words from the pattern, and then see if the word has been used in classical Arabic dictionaries actually or not, and if used in classical Arabic dictionaries, study the word using classical Arabic dictionaries only. Repeat this process for remaining words from the pattern till you gain a significant insight on the pattern's meaning shades.

4. Specially useful for the patterns for which only a few Words from that pattern can be found in The Quran, to see some more usage examples before finally concluding the probable meaning shades based on The Quran, but The Quran should be the main source for concluding the meaning shades, as we have to focus on Quranic usage which may even differ from classical Arabic dictionarties usage. e.g. Quranic usage and meaning shades for the word رُوح are unique and different from classical Arabic usage for this word.

i. Learn buckwalter equivalent letters to type Arabic using English Keyboard from the below table:

Buckwalter Equivalent for Arabic Letters

خ	ح	ج	ث	ت	ب	ا
x	H	j	v	t	b	A
ص	ش	س	ز	ر	ذ	د
S	$	s	z	r	*	d
ق	ف	غ	ع	ظ	ط	ض
q	f	g	E	Z	T	D
ي	و	ه	ن	م	ل	ك
y	w	h	n	m	l	k
ة	ى	ئ	ؤ	ء	إ	أ
p	Y	}	&	'	<	>

ii. Enter pattern using Buckwalter transliteration in the below input box e.g. fElA'


iii. Click below link to see patterns based to your entered Arabic Pattern without harakaat at mofrdat.com:

link comes here after entering the pattern in the above input box

Islamic Time Allocation, Tracking & Management + Concentrated Time + Live in The Now!

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Note: This is a dynamic post and is expected to be updated again and again so keep checking it regularly. Version 1. Last edited: 11 May 2016

0. To do anything, you have to allocate time for it.

You don't have time for something simply means you don't want to do it.

We hear often, "I am busy", "I have worldly projects", "I have job", "I have family", "I have other priorities". You have time for all these, but no time for Islamic activities? You have time for friends, sports, games, TV, movies, internet, eating out, exercise, social media etc., but no time for Islam and your hereafter level improvement? As you make time for activities like the above, you can also make time for Islamic activities. That is possible, if, you give Islamic activities a priority higher than or at least equal to any of these.

1. Time Allocation:

Allocate a fixed time per week for various Islamic activities.

Make 2 week pairs and divide activities, some in 1st week, some in 2nd and some in both.
The activities may be split into few broad categories:
Islamic Projects 
Islamic Study 
Islamic Websites
etc. 

Sample Example for 2 weeks:
21 hours is allocated budget per week for next 2 weeks by me and may differ from person to person but the more the better.
Week 1= 17 September to 23 September
Qur'an Ayat Navigatior 2 = 5 hours
Revive Arabic Verbal Form IV notes preparation = 5 hours
Arabic Particles study = 3 hours
Arabic Vocabulary study = 3 hours
Arabic Grammar study = 3 hours
PHP programming study = 2 hours

Week 2 = 24 September to 30 September
Qur'an Ayat Navigatior 2 = 5 hours
Revive Arabic Verbal form IV notes preparation = 5 hours
Arabic Particles study = 3 hours
Arabic Vocabulary study = 3 hours
Arabic Grammar study = 3 hours
PHP programming study = 2 hours

Now, to give more time to 1 task at a time, to get more progress done on that in 1 week with more concentration, I combine same activities from both weeks together

Week 1 = 17 September to 23 September
Qur'an Ayat Navigatior 2 = 10 hours
Arabic Vocabulary study = 6 hours
Arabic Grammar study = 5 hours
Week 2 = 24 September to 30 September
Revive Arabic Verbal form IV notes preparation = 10 hours
Arabic Particles study = 6 hours
PHP programming study = 4 hours
Arabic Grammar study = 1 hour

Within weeks, also manage time per day. Plans may vary per day like for Thursday to Wednesday:
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
or
3 3 6 6 3 0 0
or
4 4 5 5 3 0 0
or
2 2 6 6 2 2 1
or
3 0 6 6 3 0 3
etc.

My strategy is to try to get most hours done in earlier days

Note: I started 1st day using 1st day of the year and it was Thursday and so my weeks starting with Thursdays for 2015.

2. Time tracking using stopwatch & tracking sheet:
See below screenshot, and make a sheet to track and note the time. Also use a stopwatch to note exact productive time to the minute. I am using xnote stopwatch that I downloaded a couple of years ago. You can use any downloadable or physical stopwatch.
When starting any activity, start the stopwatch and on any distraction, pause the stopwatch. Resume again when you resume the activity.

3. Time Management
If all 21 hours completed in a week,  continue on with 2nd week activities so that next week required hours are reduced. If in next week also, the time exceeds 42 hours i.e. for 2 weeks pair, consider the extra hours spent as bonus time. From next 2 weeks pair start again.

But if after 2 weeks the hours spent are less than 42, you will have to make up the missed hours in next 2 weeks pair. e.g. if you only managed to complete 40 in this pair, you will have to target 44 in next pair.

Further improvement on above mentioned points
Now above was a 2 week plan, to improve it even further, I made 2 week pairs within 4 week plan to do more on same projects together and in a more focused way.
Click below image:

I have refined the sheet further. Now I have placed windows clock and stopwatch in view. This time, I have also mentioned the 2 week pair allocated tasks, their times and planned goals in Comments and Goals column. I have also put remaining allocated time left for 2 week pairs.

InshaALLAH! :
Below are allocated times for tasks in next 4 weeks

Qur'an Ayat Navigator 2 = 24 hours for 4 weeks
I have allocated all of this requirement in 1st 2 weeks pair, and will try to use most of its allocated time in 1st week as this is highest priority task.
I have set a goal or target to try and finish this project within these 2 weeks.

Arabic Particles Study = 12 hours for 4 weeks
I have allocated all of this requirement in 1st 2 weeks pair, and will try to use most of its allocated time in 2nd week of 1st pair.
I have set a goal or target to try and complete a major portion of study on the particle بِ .

Arabic Grammar study = 12 hours for 4 weeks

I have allocated all of this requirement in both 2 week pairs equally and plan to do 6 hours each in 2nd week of both pairs.
I have set a goal or target to study at least 350 pages of Grammar book in 4 weeks using 12 hours.

Arabic Vocabulary study = 12 hours for 4 weeks
I have allocated all of this requirement in 2nd 2 weeks pair, and will try to use most of its allocated time in 2nd week of 2nd pair.
I have set a goal or target to try and study in detail at least 6 important roots.

Blog post preparation on next verbal form = 20 hours for 4 weeks
I have allocated all of this requirement in 2nd 2 weeks pair, and will try to use most of its allocated time in 1st week of 2nd pair as this is a high priority task.
I have set a goal or target to try and post at least 1 more verbal form detailed notes within these 2 weeks .

Skill which is for now PHP study = 7 hours in 4 weeks
This is not actually an Islamic project but is being used as a skill to learn so that I may become able to make more dynamic Islamic websites.
It is allocated 3 hours in 1st 2 weeks pair and 4 hours in 2nd 2 weeks pair and is planned to be done in 2nd week of each pair.

4. Concentrated Time
The time is being allocated, tracked & managed. Start focusing on improving the quality of this fixed allocated time.  Now make this fixed allocated time a concentrated time. Improve the quality of this time to get more done in same fixed time.
While doing any of these allocated Islamic tasks:
Focus on what you are doing.
Concentrate on what you are doing.
Think only regarding what you are doing.
Try to have big chunks of more than 1 hour to have better concentration.

5. Save more Time to allocate for Islamic activities
Note how you use remaining time and try to exclude the time wasters i.e. what we call لَغْو (that which neither gives any benefit in the hereafter nor does it fulfill any legitimate worldly need) in Arabic.

6. Some Self Awareness Tips to improve your mindfulness and peace. 

Now - This second, this moment, this instant. 
Simple Rule: Try to do the best possible every second, every moment, every instant.
Live in The Now, not in thoughts about past or future. Past is finished and future is not yet here. Since past is finished, no amount of thinking can change what is done. Since future is not yet here, no amount of ideal planning can ensure you will deliver when the time comes. How you act in the moment is important. So put your efforts in the moment, focus on the moment, don't let your mind wander into the past or future. Allocate separate time if you want to ponder over the past or plan for the future, but don't allow wandering thoughts to disturb your focus while you are doing any other task.

Appendix 1:
2023 update: Some changes are made. Now, all units are in hours and the smallest unit is 0.1 which means 6 minutes. This year, I am falling short by a big margin since the office work has increased too much, and there are some other responsibilities demanding more time than usual, and I am finding it very hard to allocate time. Attempts at going full time on this blog failed despite giving multiple options like Services Offered and Iterative Arabic Research and Book Indexing Project. See the below screenshot. If you can't understand anything, you can email me at asimiqbal2nd @ live.com. Time is now being tracked via the atimelogger mobile app.

Appendix 2: