Core meaning shades for the Arabic word Ilm عِلْم
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Root : ع ل م
Pattern : فِعْل
Word : عِلْم
Correct, true, certain, authentic, established
knowledge, information
regarding a matter, thing, event etc.
to the extent/depth/spread indicated or required by the context (and context includes situation in which it is referred to and the being to whom it is attributed).
If context indicates knowledge to the extent of knowing that something happened, then that is knowledge in this context. If context indicates knowledge to the extent of knowing the details of how something happened, then that is knowledge in that context and similarly for other extents, but it is undeniable and certain knowledge.
The main thing is that this is certain knowledge encompassing the required extent for the context in which it is referred to,
not assumption, ignorance, wishful thinking, unestablished/unproven/unverified information etc.
When used in reference to ALLAH, it represents complete and thorough knowledge to the minutest detail and covering knowledge of a thing for its entire existence i.e. for all times of its existence.
Last edited: 28-June-2016.
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Core meaning shades for the Arabic word Haneef حَنِيف Hanif
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Root : ح ن ف
Pattern : فَعِيل
Word : حَنِيف
One who is ever
inclining firmly to & steadily following
the single correct: direction, path, course i.e. Islam,
neither deviating from it nor transgressing it.
Last edited: 27-June-2016.
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Core meaning shades for the Arabic word Furqan فُرْقَان Furqaan
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Root : ف ر ق
Pattern : فُعْلَان
Word : فُرْقَان
فُرْقَان
Translation attempt : Something (e.g. a : book / parts of a book / faculty / day : etc.) : having in its : nature / disposition / make / constitution : etc. : so much capability of making : separate / set apart / distinct / differentiated / distinguished / isolated / sorted out : etc. : some : things / matters / people / doings etc. or parts of some thing / matter / doing : etc. that it being as such is : ascertained / ensured / verified : etc. : by : manifestations / signs / symptoms / feelers / effects : etc., like rendering parts of some matter or different matters, clearly and completely : separated / set apart / made distinct / differentiated / isolated etc., e.g. making complete and clear separation between truth and falsehood, right and wrong, lawful and forbidden, good and bad, sound and unsound, well-founded and unfounded, authentic and inauthentic, successful people and failures etc.
Last edited: 2nd-March-2021.
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Core meaning shades for the Arabic word Sultan
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Root : س ل ط
Pattern : فُعْلَان
Word : سُلْطَان
سُلْطَان
Translation attempt : Empowerment (authority or power given to someone to do something) for : someone / something / some statement or belief : etc. over : someone / some matter / saying something / demanding something / doing something : etc. : to such a level that it being as such is : ascertained / ensured / verified : etc. by : manifestations / signs / symptoms / feelers : etc.
In English, single words also convey the sense to a good extent like the words : empowerment / authorization / mandate / sanction / prerogative etc.
A Prophet chosen by ALLAH or Book or Revelation sent down by ALLAH, has : empowerment / authorization / mandate : etc. to talk about matters related to hereafter, approved way of life, Attributes of ALLAH etc. and this is obvious and apparent for all to notice. A common man has no mandate to talk about these issues on his own. A prophet chosen by ALLAH or a Book Sent down by ALLAH has : authorization / mandate / empowerment : to refer to these matters. Now there are no new prophets.
Similarly, special empowerment is required for some cases. e.g. Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had empowerment by the Permission of and power to do so Granted by ALLAH to visit places otherwise inaccessible to humans at The Night of Mi'raaj due to special empowerment to do so on that night.
One who has certain knowledge about something, has authorization / mandate / empowerment : to talk about what he knows, if and when required etc.
People have empowerment to do some things by the Permission of and power to do so Granted by ALLAH in this world, while for those who end up in Hell, it will be perished from them, i.e. no longer will they be able to take up tasks they could in their worldly life and this empowerment is verified by their doing of such tasks.
Last edited: 2nd-March-2021.
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Core meaning shades for the Arabic word بُرْهَان Burhan
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Root : ب ه ر or ب ر ه
Pattern : فُعْلَان
Word : بُرْهَان
بُرْهَان
Translation attempt : Regarding the root of this word, most, if not all books which have assigned a root for this word, assigned the root ب ر ه and its basic meaning appears to be, to be : sound / healthy / in good condition (internally + externally). While researching this word, I decided to check possibilities of substitution and transposition and 1 other relevant root appeared as the suitable root, considering the nature of such proofs or evidences, i.e the root ب ه ر and its basic meaning appears to be, to be : dominating / overcoming / overpowering / surpassing / excelling / outshining / dazzling (overpowering/confounding with light/brilliance) / (imposing upon something that what is beyond its power or ability to resist) : etc. and if this is the case, the word was originally بُهْرَان and then by transposition became بُرْهَان and the contexts in which this word appears to have been used (i.e. contexts in which the 1 demanded to bring the بُرْهَان usually does or believes something, not agreeing with or against what the 1 demanding the بُرْهَان believes or asserts), overcoming argument seems more probable (i.e. transposed word) than a healthy argument. Note, the word argument is just used for simplicity of understanding the difference, actual translation follows later inshaALLAH!. When some one presents a healthy argument, it only supports his view and does not refute the contrary views. When some one presents an overcoming argument, it not only supports his view, but also refutes the contrary or non-agreeing arguments.
Translation attempt based on root ب ه ر which is more probable in my opinion:
(Something) being so : dominating / overcoming / overpowering / surpassing / excelling / outshining / dazzling (overpowering/confounding with light/brilliance) / (imposing upon something that what is beyond its power or ability to resist) : etc. that it being as such is : ascertained / ensured / verified : etc. by (obvious and apparent for all to notice) : dominance / overcoming : etc. by it of all its counter or opposing or conflicting or non-agreeing : arguments / beliefs / views : etc. and also obvious : dominance / overcoming : etc. by it of the reasons for any conduct that goes against it or or goes against what it is a بُرْهَان for. This happens as soon as it appears into the context.
Translation attempt based on root ب ر ه which is also possible, but less probable in my opinion:
(Something) being so : sound / healthy / in good condition (internally + externally) : that it being as such is : ascertained / ensured / verified : by (obvious and apparent for all to notice) : manifestations / signs / symptoms / feelers : etc. This happens as soon as it appears into the context. This بُرْهَان is usually presented as : evidence / support / proof : for some : belief / view / argument.
Last edited: 2nd March 2021.
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If any one has PDF of any of the following books, send me the link at revivearabic @ gmail.com . Specially the 1st list has unique content.
Edited: 11-July-2016
1st list :
A Dictionary of Arabic Grammatical Nomenclature: Arabic - English
by Antoine El-Dahdah
also called Abou Fares el-Dahdah
This dictionary treats the Arabic grammar through a group of 1920 words and expressions, listed in alphabetical order, and selected by the author to constitute the Arabic Grammatical Nomenclature. They are composed of the following:
1- Letters of construction and signification, variable and invariable nouns, complete and deficient verbs.
2- Useful speech: Isolated words and sentences.
3- Declension and structure with their titles and signs.
4- All the measures, plus various informations about incorporation and defection.
Descriptions are in Arabic and English in parallel columns.
Hardcover: 718 pages
Publisher: Librairie du Liban (November 15, 1993)
Language: English, Arabic
Fair Price: $40 to $45
Its Arabic Only version PDF is available for download: Mu'jam Lughat in Nahw il Arabiyy .
Arabic with English version image previews below:
2nd list :
Causes and Principles in Arabic (English and Arabic Edition) by Joyce Akesson
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Brief book in Urdu explaining the Linguistic and Literary Miracles and other features like Fasaahat and Balaaghah of The Inimitable Qur'an
Download PDF Qur'an Majeed Kay Adbi Israar o Rumooz Urdu PDF
.
كلمات كا اعجاز
تركيب كا اعجاز
لطائف قرآنيه
فصاحت و بلاغة
عجائبات القرآن
قرآن مجيد اور علم عروض
اعجاز قرآني
